Nhanganyaya
Makatheta emutsinga (IV) emutsingahazvikoshizvishandiso zvekurapainoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzehutano kupa mvura, mishonga, uye zvigadzirwa zveropa zvakananga muropa remurwere. Chinyorwa chino chinangwa ndechekupa kunzwisisa kwakadzama kweMakatheta emuchina weIV, kusanganisira basa razvo, saizi, mhando, nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita nazvo.
Basa re IV Cannula Catheter
Katheta yemushonga weIV cannula ichubhu yakatetepa, inochinjika inopinzwa mutsinga yemurwere, ichipa mukana wekupinda mutsinga yeropa. Basa guru rekatheta yeIV cannula nderekupa mvura, maelectrolyte, mishonga, kana zvinovaka muviri kumurwere, zvichiita kuti ropa ripinde nekukurumidza uye zvinobudirira. Nzira iyi yekupa inopa nzira yakatwasuka uye yakavimbika yekuchengetedza mvura yakaringana, kutsiva ropa rakarasika, uye kupa mishonga inononoka nenguva.
Saizi dzeIV Cannula Catheters
Macatheter e IV cannula anowanikwa muhukuru hwakasiyana, anowanzoonekwa nenhamba yegeji. Geji inomiririra dhayamita yetsono ye catheter; kana nhamba yegeji iri diki, dhayamita yacho yakakura. Saizi dzinowanzoshandiswa dze IV cannula catheters dzinosanganisira:
1. 14 kusvika 24 Gauge: Macannula makuru (14G) anoshandiswa pakupinza mvura kana zvigadzirwa zveropa nekukurumidza, nepo saizi diki (24G) dzakakodzera kupa mishonga nemhinduro dzisingade mwero wemvura yakawanda.
2. 18 kusvika 20 Gauge: Aya ndiwo masayizi anonyanya kushandiswa muzvipatara, achibatsira varwere vakasiyana-siyana uye mamiriro ekurapa.
3. 22 Gauge: Inoonekwa seyakanakira varwere vevana nevakwegura kana avo vane mitsipa isina kusimba, sezvo isinganyanyi kurwadza panguva yekuisirwa.
4. 26 Gauge (kana kupfuura): Ma cannula aya akatetepa zvakanyanya anowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana, akadai sekupa mimwe mishonga kana kune varwere vane tsinga dzakatetepa zvakanyanya.
Mhando dze IV Cannula Catheters
1. Peripheral IV Cannula: Rudzi rwakajairika, runoiswa mutsinga yeropa, kazhinji muruoko kana muruoko. Rwakagadzirirwa kushandiswa kwenguva pfupi uye rwakakodzera varwere vanoda kurapwa nguva nenguva kana kuti nguva nenguva.
2. Central Venous Catheter (CVC): Macatheter aya anoiswa mutsinga huru dzepakati, dzakadai se superior vena cava kana internal jugular vein. MaCVC anoshandiswa pakurapa kwenguva refu, kutora ropa kakawanda, uye kupa mishonga inotsamwisa.
3. Midline Catheter: Imwe nzira iri pakati pe peripheral ne central catheters, midline catheters dzinoiswa muruoko rwepamusoro dzobva dzapinda mutsinga, dzinowanzo pera munzvimbo ye axillary. Dzakakodzera varwere vanoda kurapwa kwenguva refu asi vasingade kupinda mutsinga huru dzepakati.
4. Catheter Yepakati Yakaiswa Panze (PICC): Catheter refu inopinzwa nepatsinga yeropa (kazhinji iri muruoko) yoenderera mberi kusvika muromo wayo wagara mutsinga huru yepakati. MaPICC anowanzo shandiswa kuvarwere vanoda kurapwa kwenguva refu netsinga dzeropa kana kune avo vane mukana mudiki wekupinda mutsinga dzeropa.
Maitiro Ekuisa
Kuiswa kwecatheter yeIV cannula kunofanirwa kuitwa nenyanzvi dzehutano dzakadzidziswa kuderedza matambudziko uye kuona kuti nzvimbo yacho yakakodzera. Maitiro aya anowanzo sanganisira matanho anotevera:
1. Kuongororwa kweMurwere: Mupi wehutano anoongorora nhoroondo yehutano hwemurwere, mamiriro etsinga, uye chero zvinhu zvinogona kukanganisa maitiro ekuisa tsinga.
2. Kusarudzwa kweNzvimbo: Nzvimbo yakakodzera yetsinga neyokuisa zvinosarudzwa zvichienderana nemamiriro emurwere, zvinodiwa pakurapwa, uye kugona kwetsinga.
3. Kugadzirira: Nzvimbo yakasarudzwa inocheneswa nemushonga unouraya utachiona, uye chiremba anopfeka magirovhosi asina utachiona.
4. Kuiswa: Kuchekwa kudiki kunogadzirwa paganda, uye catheter inopinzwa nokungwarira kuburikidza nekuchekwa mutsinga.
5. Kuchengetedza: Kana catheter yangoiswa, inosungirirwa paganda uchishandisa machira anonamira kana zvishandiso zvekuchengetedza.
6. Kupukuta uye Kuisa Pureyi: Catheter inosukurudzwa ne saline kana heparinized solution kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti patent yacho inokwanisa uye kudzivirira kuumbwa kwegwamba.
7. Kutarisirwa Mushure mekuiswa: Nzvimbo yacho inotariswa kuti ione kana paine zviratidzo zvehutachiona kana matambudziko, uye catheter dressing inochinjwa sezvinodiwa.
Matambudziko uye Nzira dzekudzivirira
Kunyange hazvo macatheter emuchina weIV cannula akachengeteka, pane zvimwe zvinetso zvinogona kutariswa nenyanzvi dzehutano, zvinosanganisira:
1. Kupinda: Kubuda kwemvura kana mishonga munyama dzakapoteredza panzvimbo petsinga, zvichikonzera kuzvimba, kurwadziwa, uye kukuvara kwenyama.
2. Phlebitis: Kuzvimba kwetsinga, zvichikonzera kurwadziwa, kutsvuka, uye kuzvimba munzira yetsinga.
3. Kutapukirwa: Kana nzira dzakakodzera dzekudzivirira utachiona dzikasateverwa panguva yekuisa kana kutarisirwa, nzvimbo yecatheter inogona kutapukirwa.
4. Kuvharika: Catheter inogona kuvharika nekuda kweropa rakagwamba kana kusukurudzwa zvisina kunaka.
Kuti vaderedze matambudziko, vanopa hutano vanotevedzera mitemo yakasimba yekuisa catheter, kutarisira nzvimbo yacho, uye kugadzirisa. Varwere vanokurudzirwa kuti vakurumidze kutaura chero zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana, kurwadziwa, kana kutsvuka panzvimbo yacho kuitira kuti vapindire nenguva.
Mhedziso
Macatheter emushonga weIV cannula anoita basa rakakosha muhutano hwemazuva ano, zvichibvumira kuendeswa kwemvura nemishonga zvakananga muropa remurwere zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira. Nehukuru hwakasiyana-siyana uye mhando dziripo, macatheter aya anochinjika zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekiriniki zvakasiyana-siyana, kubva pakuwana nguva pfupi kusvika pakurapa kwenguva refu kune mitsetse mikuru. Nekutevedzera maitiro akanakisa panguva yekuisa nekuchengetedza, nyanzvi dzehutano dzinogona kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yemurwere uye kuderedza matambudziko ane chekuita nekushandiswa kweIV catheter, zvichiita kuti varwere vavo varapwe zvakachengeteka uye zvinobudirira.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-31-2023